Wednesday, August 26, 2020

How can cities become more sustainable Compare and contrast cities in Essay - 1

By what method would cities be able to turn out to be increasingly supportable Compare and complexity urban communities in the created world and urban communities in the creating scene - Essay Example A large portion of these urban areas had short of what one million populace in the start of nineteenth century; that outperformed to in excess of 10 millions in ensuing periods causing extraordinary pain on assets of water, clean air, vitality. Circumstance in a portion of the urban areas in creating nations, for example, Shanghai, Mumbai or Sao Paulo is extraordinary. The thickness of these urban focuses is more than twofold of that found in the London or New York. Every one of these urban areas are developing at the pace of 2 to 6 percent for each annum and liable to bring on additional weight on the assets and crash the biological system. In the event that this proceeds, the manageability of the urban communities is in peril except if some new ways are found. Urban communities in the Developed World London, Paris, California, New York all have become the immense intemperate utilization habitats of modest vitality and reprobate material supplies that has caused environmental awkwar d nature in those nations. As referenced by Rees, William (2009) in Scientific American in its March issue, â€Å"Politicians and organizers have molded urban communities with no respect for asset use or environmental concerns. Throughout the years building and foundation have expended in excess of 40 percent of material and 33% of energy.† He cautions that this must end. ... Rees is of the assessment that rambling area territories for living increment the vitality need by method of superfluous transportation for work and shopping. Dependence on autos and vehicles ought to be decreased by giving way approaches to cycling, and strolling. Open vehicle framework ought to be made productive to maintain a strategic distance from the utilization of individual vehicles. Reusing of utilized materials is a need and that ought to be done to reduce the utilization of new material with the goal that characteristic assets can be rationed for a more drawn out timeframe. Cogeneration of power and waste warmth recuperation is need of a day to decrease for each capita utilization of new vitality. Vitality productivity and sustainable power source are the acceptable recommendations yet the central issue is that city like San Francisco discharges 78 percent of its ozone harming substances from the vehicles and transportation and just 17 percent from structures and this is v alid for every single significant city of North America. The arrangement basically lies at utilizing mass travel framework and wiping out the utilization of individual vehicles however much as could reasonably be expected. Individual vehicle thickness in the majority of the US urban areas is high to the point this is a solitary most reason for green house gases over all significant US and urban areas of Europe. What's more, arrangement lies in decreasing or dispensing with the utilization of these individual vehicles that can help diminish the green house emanations definitely and put the eco framework in balance. Urban communities of Developing World as opposed to the urban areas of created economies, there are urban areas of creating nations, for example, Sao Paulo, Shanghai, and Mumbai, where issues are, more than green house gases, insufficient accessibility of consumable water, nonattendance of appropriate sanitation offices to ghetto tenants, and tidiness. More than one millio n individuals is said to have been living in ghetto zone inside

Saturday, August 22, 2020

John Dalton Essays - Fellows Of The Royal Society, John Dalton

John Dalton John Dalton was conceived on September 6, 1766, in Eaglesfield, England. He was the child of a weaver and got his initial instruction from his dad likewise at a Quaker school in his old neighborhood, where he started educating at twelve years old. In 1781 he moved to Kendal, where he directed a school with his cousin and more established sibling. He moved to Manchester in 1793, and lived there a mind-blowing remainder as an educator, clench hand at New College and later as a guide. He passed on July 27, 1844. Dalton started a progression of meteorological perceptions in 1787, that he proceeded for fifty-seven years. Out and out in the time he spent it indicated 200,000 perceptions and estimations on the climate in the Manchester district. His enthusiasm for meteorology drove him to examine an assortment of wonders just as the instruments used to gauge them. He was the first to demonstrate the legitimacy of the idea that the downpour is accelerated by an abatement in temperature. Not by an adjustment in temperature. His first work, ?Meteorological Observations and Essays?(1793), pulled in little consideration. In the following year he introduced a paper on visual weakness to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. Dalton himself experienced partial blindness. This paper was the most punctual portrayal of vision, known as ?Daltonism.?

Wednesday, August 19, 2020

Stove-Cook Your Oatmeal and Never Look Back

Stove-Cook Your Oatmeal and Never Look Back Oatmeal cooked on the stove is so good. I wouldn’t know this, but a few days ago a fuse broke and all the outlets in our kitchen stopped working. Here is our kitchen, which is probably not the kitchen you’d imagine belongs to two MIT grads and a master’s student:   Here, on the right wall of the kitchen, is our fuse box:   Do you know about fuses? I did not know about fuses. I still don’t. You might notice that the bottom left fuse does not have a tab, it has a spring. It turns out the stove is on a different fuse, and for that we are very lucky. Here’s how you cook oatmeal on the stove. You boil a cup of milk. You can hear it boil over from a few rooms away. Burning milk smells amazing. You turn the heat down and add half a cup of one-minute oats and you stir sometimes. I haven’t figured out if stirring is important. When the milk is mostly gone you have oats. The cooked oats stick to the pot, but they come off in a film on their own after you soak them, and cleaning is easy after that.   I learned today that the microwave oven was accidentally created in 1945, and intentionally made available in a 600-pound, 3,000-watt, $3,000 form in 1947. The first food cooked in a microwave oven, on accident, was a candy bar, then popcorn, on purpose. Our microwave oven came from our friend Paula J. ‘14 when she moved in with friends who already had one. There are four TED talks I watched last night at 2:something am, about a day after we discovered that the fuse was blown and, I guess, didn’t do anything about it, that I want to share with you, especially if you were just not accepted by MIT for undergraduate admissions or if you are, like me, on the edges of weighty but possibly inconsequential (or not?) career decisions and feeling indecisive or stuck. You might not think knowing how to stove-cook oatmeal is a useful skill. I disagree, even though the directions are written on the box, but it’s probably not that useful, not really. What is useful is being able to swap out microwave for stove, metaphorically, and unwaveringly pursuing your goals when the in-between steps don’t fall into place, whether those goals are making breakfast or something bigger, like making sure that everyone in the world can have breakfast or building cities or improving existing cities or making better fuses or writing books or getting ahead of pathogens. (If I were cooler, it would be good to actually replace the broken fuse, which is probably a metaphor for addressing my misconceptions about happiness and success and life purpose, but that’s, like, not in NP.) MIT won’t make you rich. It won’t hand you success. It won’t even set you on a unwavering path toward it. When I look toward my future I see a flat, terrifying expanse of adult life stretched before me. There are no longer any obvious mountains to climb. I can walk in any direction, or switch directions, for any amount of time, toward horizons whose features I can’t see from here. I can raise or raze my own mountains and plant my own landmarks, if I want to. I have no idea where I’m standing right now, but everything seems to be telling me that I’ll get farther, wherever I’m going, if I just start running, and I am guessing that so will you. In other words, if you are lucky enough to have a singular greater vision or motivation behind applying to MIT, chase it. Don’t let the switch of a single stepping stone for another one disrupt your dreams and the progress you’ve already made. If not, pick one, do it faster than me, and don’t look back. (Update: we replaced the fuse and the outlets still don’t work.) (Update: there were two fuses blown! The top right one had its metal all ripped apart. Our kitchen works again! What a lovely metaphor.)

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Education Inside the Classroom Inclusion - 835 Words

Inside the classroom, inclusion benefits all kind of students with their communication skills. Within inclusive classrooms, students have the opportunity to learn how to communicate with students who communicate in a non-traditional way. Whether it is through brail, sign language, computers, or writing, individuals learn how to understand one another. In addition, individuals are given the opportunity to express themselves in the way they feel comfortable. The peers in the class without disabilities, in essence, are learning a second language because they too need to be able to communicate with their peers (Kliewer). Along with the students growing in communication, teachers themselves grow in their knowledge and expertise with the different forms of communication skills. Behavior and social skills are learned when children with and without disabilities are included together in a classroom. According to a study done by Nirvi Shah about inclusion of students with disabilities, the regular education students can provide examples of appropriate classroom behavior, along with appropriate social behavior for the special education students (Shah). The expectations in a regular education classroom for appropriate classroom behavior and social behavior are high and natural for regular education students. With the help of the regular education students, students with disabilities learn the appropriate classroom and social behavior. Often, students with disabilities areShow MoreRelatedInclusion For Students With Disabilities834 Words   |  4 Pages Inclusion Position Paper Valerie Simmons University of West Alabama SE 506 Dr. Nichols July 1, 2015 Inclusion in the classroom is a widely debated issue in education today. Inclusive education means that students with disabilities are supported in chronologically age appropriate general education classrooms in schools near their home. 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Making sure that each has the skill for all core subjects. 4. Make sure that a student have achieved in the math and science 5. To ensure that every adult is well-trained and possess the abilities to contend with an environmental economyRead MoreEssay on Creating a Supportive Learning Environment 1381 Words   |  6 PagesAs teachers we should focus on the importance of creating supportive learning environments which instil the notion of inclusivity of all students, with or without disabilities. As students enter the classroom they bring a mixture of cultural, academic and behavioural diversity with them (Watkins, 2005). As teachers we need to embrace the unique qualities that each student holds and make the most of th is diversity to enhance the learning outcomes of all students. This critical reflection aims to identifyRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1027 Words   |  5 PagesEvery school teacher has their own set of related beliefs--a philosophy of education--that influences what and how students are taught. A philosophy of education represents answers to questions about the purpose of schooling, a teachers role, and what should be taught and by what methods. I truly believe that every student can learn when given the right tools to do so. There is much more to it than just giving them the opportunity. Students need to be given an environment where they are free toRead MoreEssay on Special Education Reflection1336 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Special Education 332 (Education and Inclusion of Individuals with Special Needs) has been enlightening for me as a secondary mathematics educator. In the beginning of the semester, my feelings towards special education were those of apathy and insensitivity. 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Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Report Field Visit to Social Enterprise - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2208 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Uncategorized Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Contents Contents Background and History Mission and Social Needs to address Mission Social needs to address Theory of Change Business Model and Operation Customers Services/Products/Key Activities Key Resources Key Partnership Revenue Cost Structure Challenges and Solutions Output and Outcome Output Outcome Social Impact Sustainability and Future Development Sustainability Future Development Comments and Recommendation Comments Recommendations Bibliography Books Periodicals Web documents, web pages or report Background and History Fullness Christian Vocational Training Centre (FCVTC), the precursor of Fullness Christian Social Enterprise (FCSE), was set up in 1987.(Avantage Ventures, 2009)[1] Set up in 2007, FCSE was derived from FCVTC. It currently owns an auto service centre and two hair salons.(Avantage Ventures, 2009)[2] One of the salons is Fullness Salon. Opened in 2001 in Mongkok, it moved to beside Sai Wan Ho Youth Outreach Centre in 2004. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report: Field Visit to Social Enterprise" essay for you Create order Mission and Social Needs to address Mission For social missions, it aims at helping deviant youth reintegrate into society by Christian faith, vocational training, mentoring, counselling, and rehabilitation. (Social Ventures Hong Kong, 2010, p.13)[3] For business missions, it aims at providing customers with high-quality services, retaining sustainability in business and developing a potential for further development. Social needs to address: deviant youth problem In 2005, there are 3258 youths being led astray. Most of them are sentenced to prison and 293 of them are sent to vocational center.[4] (Social Sciences Research Centre, the University of Hong Kong, 2005) Although some of them find employment, many employers have reservations on hiring these people. Long term employment or professional careers are often out of reach for them.(Avantage Ventures, 2009)[5] Theory of Change Fullness Salon employs deviant youths as hair-stylists in order to allow them to learn a practical skill, thus increasing their chances of employment and reducing their chances of repeating offence. (ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, p.24)[6] Business Model and Operation Customers Fullness Salon has a very stable customer source. The customer base started from Christians in churches. Around 70% to 80% of the customers are Christians, who are willing to help deviant youth. By spreading through words of mouth, friends and relatives of the Christians gradually join the customer base. Services/Products/Key Activities Hair-stylists provide hair-cutting and other hair treatment services. They also teach and train apprentices, helping deviant youths to adapt to normal working environment. Volunteers from Christian organizations organize Christian fellowship activities for deviant youths. Board of directors focus on promotion and plan long-term business strategies for sustaining the operation. Key Resources Money in the form of donation is important because Fullness Salon is independent from the government. Experienced stylists and technicians train apprentices to maintain staff continuity. Support from Christian organizations helps promote the salon among Christians. Board of directors with business background can make up successful marketing and promotion plans. Key Partnership SVHK takes part in the board of the social enterprise and provide equity investment, offering professional support in human resources, operation of the enterprise and marketing. They are also responsible for strategic planning and launch of innovative communication programmes. (Social Ventures Hong Kong, 2010, p.13)[7] Youth Outreach centre next to Fullness Salon, so they provide deviant youths as trainees to the salon. The volunteers there offer mental guidance to trainees. The centre is also used for Fullness Salon to organize activities for trainees, such as Christian gathering. Revenue As in first quarter of 2009, FCVTC gained over HKD 2 million revenue, of which around 86% comes from operation of salons and car centre and less than 1% comes from donation. (Fullness Christian Vocational Training Centre, 2009, p.8)[8] Cost Structure As in first quarter of 2009, FCVTC expense is around HKD 1.8 million, of which around 42% is for salary and 58% for operation and other expenses. (Fullness Christian Vocational Training Centre, 2009, p.8)[9] Challenges and Solutions Pastors and ministers of the Church first started FCVTC, but could not make profit to sustain the business. To overcome this challenge, they seek help from Christian businessmen, one of whom is Mr. Ngai, to develop a more cost-effective model. The salon chooses not to receive governmental aid to maintain autonomy, thus sacrificing the opportunities to be promoted through the government. To overcome this challenge, they invite the media for visits, such as TVB programmes on Fullness Salon and promotion during Tithe Ethical Consumption Movement[10]. Training some deviant youths are difficult, and some even commit theft in the salon. The staff is willing to provide them more opportunities to make up for their mistakes. Output and Outcome Output Firstly, youths with good attitudes and professional skills are trained. Secondly, an annual revenue of HKD 90,000 is earned. (ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, p.24)[11] Outcome The success rate of transforming the youth is 50%.[12] In the 50%, 25% of them have completed the 18-month training and become hair-stylists whereas the remaining 25% have completed the 6-month basic training. (ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, p.24)[13] Social Impact Firstly, 17% of deviant youths do not repeat their offences. Secondly, the youths that have successfully become hair-stylists can bring economic contribution to GDP of Hong Kong. (ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, p.24)[14] The Social Return on Investment (SROI) is calculated as 376%. (ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, p.25)[15] Sustainability and Future Development Sustainability The prices of the service is highly competitive and the staffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s professionalism is ensured. Its cheap but good quality service help retain the number of customers. According to data provided by Fullness Salon, 90% of customers returned for service the second time because of satisfaction with the good service provided. (Social Ventures Hong Kong, 2010, p.13)[16] Future Development For expansion, FCSE aims to provide 50 training slots for these youth by expanding from two to ten salons.(Avantage Ventures, 2009)[17] For promotion, the salon will take part more in the Tithe Ethical Consumption Campaign, so more consumers can have deeper understanding of the salon and influence other consumers in the market. For services, FCSE is considering to provide a range of other services to maximize profit, e.g. they are already planning to set up restaurants in Sham Shui Po. Comments and Recommendation Comments FCSE has been very successful[18], being profitable and sustainable for over 10 years. They have created a role model which operates business-like, unlike common NGOs that highly depend on government funding. Therefore, other social enterprises can take reference of their model. Also, they have successfully implemented their theory of change[19], producing many productive and good-attitude youths. Fullness Salon also has good business strategies to maintain its customers. Since they own the premise at Sai Wan Ho, they need not bear a high rental cost. This enables the salon to afford high-quality hair-care chemicals and equipment. By offering service that has similar standards to other normal salons, Fullness Salon can accumulate and increase customers through recommendation of friends or family members. Although the salon uses expensive hair-care products, the price of its services is relatively lower than other high-class salons. Therefore, its cheap service but high quality s ervice can also attract customers. The salon also treated apprentices in a good approach by not labeling the salon with rehabilitated staff. This on one hand reduces discrimination to the youths and on the other hand helps the salon to retain a positive image in the general public. However, it is not a good idea for Fullness Salon to be selective on which deviate youth to train as an apprentice. Every deviated youth deserves a chance of receiving help, regardless of their initial abilities or misbehaviors. Concerning the output and outcomes, it is believed that those provided by FCSE[20] is insufficient. For output, I believe that it should include number of youth trained, number of customers served, number of transactions per year, number of training programmes and number of public education activities; apart from the annual income of HKD 90,000. However, there are no such information up till now, hence it is suggested that FCSE can make these information known to public. For outcome, I believe that the rewards of youths should not be neglected. These include finding their life goal of serving the customers while reintegrating into society is achieved, gaining a sense of achievement by being able to serve a wide range of customers, acquiring the ability to overcome challenges as they have personally been through the process of changing their behaviors and values, increasing their self-confidence in dealing with people in society, meeting a lot of good friends such as staff and customers in salon, and learning practical vocational skills. The figure (Social Ventures Hong Kong, 2010, p.13)[21] shows the improvement of employed youths in a few aspects after 6 years of training. Therefore, such improvements in youths should also be considered as part of the outcomes, on the targets (deviant youths). Concerning the social impact, I think it is acceptable. It cuts social cost by approximately HK$250,000 per annum per youth. However, the total numb er of youths it helps is relatively low as of 6 apprentices, thus making the total social cost reduction not very significant. The figure above is a Social Impact Chain for Fullness Salon that is constructed with the necessary information. Fullness Salon has profoundness due to high sustainability, but its coverage is rather limited (only help 6 apprentices annually). Overall, fullness Salon is an effective solution to address the social problem of deviant youths . Recommendations Firstly, more marketing or advertising should be done, in order to increase publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s awareness of their company. I believe that simply promoting through media and inside the salon is insufficient to attract more investors and volunteers for cooperation. Therefore, FCSE can seek partnership with some firms that specializes in public relations[22], such as Weber Shandwick Worldwide, Hill Knowlton Asia and Ketchum Newscan Public Relations. These companies not only help promote in the local community, but even offer globalized promotion, hence drawing the attentions of foreign visitors to further expand the customer base of Fullness Salon and gain an international image. Secondly, they should minimize the selectivity of trainees. Since the enterprise has reached break even and made profits since few years ago, it should have sufficient capital and manpower to help more deviant youth. Therefore, FCSE should consider to employ more deviant youths in Fullness Salon, o r seek partnership with other salons to help hiring the youths that have finished apprenticeship at Fullness Salon. Thirdly, FCSE can consider expanding into other areas. Among the deviant youths, they have different interests and characters that make them more suitable for a particular type of occupation that others. In order to cater to the different youths, new businesses should be developed, such as opening groceries and boutiques. As a result, new partnership with companies that provide the corresponding employment should be established. Fourthly, FCSE can take more part in educating the public, including bringing the concept of social enterprise into secondary and tertiary education to educate our future generations about the importance of such enterprises. Therefore, FCSE can start by looking for schools around Fullness Salon (ie. in the east Hong Kong Island district), to organize talks or workshops at school and conduct field trips to Fullness Salon. Bibliography Books ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯. (2008). ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’. ÃÆ' ©Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¶Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µÃƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡ Periodicals Fullness Christian Vocational Training Centre. (2009). ÃÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  . ÃÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ºÃƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒâ€šÃ‚ ¶ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒâ€šÃ‚ ¶ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´1ÃÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"ˆ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ³3ÃÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"ˆ ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¶ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¨. Retrieved from https://www.fullness.org.hk/test/fullness/image/news/ 200906.pdf Web documents, web pages or report Avantage Ventures. (2009). Fullness Christian Vocational Training Centre. Retrieved from https://www.avantageventures.com/avcatalogue/sv-fullness-christian-vocational-training-centre Social Ventures Hong Kong. (2010). Impact Report 2007-2010. Retrieved from https://www.sv-hk.org/files/SVhk-Impact-Report-2010.pdf Social Science Research Centre, the University of Hong Kong. (2006). Youth In Hong Kong Statistical Profile 2005. Retrieved from https://www.coy.gov.hk/filemanager/ template/common/images/research/2005_statistical/YouthStatisticalProfile2005.pdf Tithe Ethical Consumption. (2014, September 5). Mission of Tithe Ethical Consumption Movement. Retrieved from https://www.ethicalconsumption.hk/cgi-bin/ ourdb/ bdetail?template=7132320190004session_id=start[email  protected]/* */ tion.hkdbname=ecm_Postkey=1 HKU Space. (2014). ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’ÃÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ºÃƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ £Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å" ½ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¥Ã‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ±. Retrieved from https://hkuspace.hku.hk/programme/sharing/share-73137 Wikipedia. (2014). Public Relations. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public _ relations 1 [1] https://www.avantageventures.com/avcatalogue/sv-fullness-christian-vocational-training-centre [2] https://www.avantageventures.com/avcatalogue/sv-fullness-christian-vocational-training-centre [3] https://www.sv-hk.org/files/SVhk-Impact-Report-2010.pdf [4] https://www.coy.gov.hk/filemanager/template/common/images/research/2005_statistical/ YouthStatisticalProfile2005.pdf [5] https://www.avantageventures.com/avcatalogue/sv-fullness-christian-vocational-training-centre [6]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ …â€Å"Æ’, p.24 [7] https://www.sv-hk.org/files/SVhk-Impact-Report-2010.pdf [8] https://www.fullness.org.hk/test/fullness/image/news/200906.pdf [9] https://www.fullness.org.hk/test/fullness/image/news/200906.pdf [10] Tithe Ethical Consumption Movement (TECM) started three years ago. It is an annual event in November that promotes spirit of Tithe (ÃÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¥-à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾), encourages consumers to choose social enterprises, hoping to bring a change in society. (Retrieved from Mission of TECM: https://www.ethicalconsumption.hk/cgi- bin/ourdb/bdetail?template=7132320190004session_id=startshare=[email  protected]/* */dbname=ecm_Postkey=1) [11]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’, p.24 [12] Success rate is defined as they work at the salon for at least 6 months. [13]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’, p.24 [14]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’, p.24 [15]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’, p.25 SROI = (Revenue + Financially social impact) / Investment = (90,000 + 2,860,000 reduced social costs x 6 apprentices x 17% success rate) / 800,000 =376% Reduced social costs include legal fees, detention expenses and rehabilitation fees. [16] https://www.sv-hk.org/files/SVhk-Impact-Report-2010.pdf [17] https://www.avantageventures.com/avcatalogue/sv-fullness-christian-vocational-training-centre [18] Extent of success is determined by the total length of years that the enterprise operates, when compared to the average lifespan of social enterprises (9.3 years) according to (HKU Space, 2014, ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’ÃÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ºÃƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¼Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ'à ‚ ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ £Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å" ½ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¸Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ºÃƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¥Ã‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ±) [19] Fullness Salon employs deviant youths as hair-stylists in order to allow them to learn a practical skill, thus increasing their chances of employment and reducing their chances of repeating offence. (p.3) [20]ÃÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒÆ' £Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯, 2008, ÃÆ' §Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ½ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ÃƒÆ' ¥Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¯ÃƒÆ' ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ »Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¥ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¨Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚  ÃƒÆ' §Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¾ÃƒÆ' ¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Æ’, p.24 [21] https://www.sv-hk.org/files/SVhk-Impact-Report-2010.pdf [22] Public relations is the practice of managing the spread ofinformationbetween an individual or anorganizationand thepublic. (Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_ relations)

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Return Shadow Souls Chapter 44 Free Essays

Elena was wakened by shouting. She’d already once awakened to unbelievable bliss. Now she was awake again – but surely that was Damon’s voice. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 44 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Shouting? Damon didn’t shout! Throwing on a robe, she went dashing out the door and downstairs. Raised voices – confusion. Damon was kneeling on the floor. His face was blue-white. There wasn’t a plant in the room that could be strangling him. Poisoned, was the next thing Elena thought and immediately her eyes darted around the room to see a spilled drink, a dropped plate, any sign that poison had done this. There was nothing. Sage was clapping Damon on the back. Oh, God, could he have choked? But that was idiocy. Vampires didn’t breathe, except for talking and building Power. But then what was happening? â€Å"You have to breathe,† Sage was shouting in Damon’s ear. â€Å"Take a breath, as if you were going to speak, but then hold on to it, as if for raising your Power. Think about your insides. Get those lungs working!† The words only confused Elena. â€Å"There!† cried Sage. â€Å"You see?† â€Å"But it only lasts an instant. Then I need to do it again.† â€Å"But, yes, that is the point!† â€Å"I tell you I’m dying and you laugh at me?† a disheveled Damon shouted. â€Å"I’m blind, deaf, my senses are haywire – and you laugh!† Disheveled, thought Elena, bothered by something. â€Å"Well.† Sage seemed to be at least trying not to laugh. â€Å"Perhaps, mon petit chou, you should not have opened something that was not addressed to you?† â€Å"I put wards all around me before I did it. The house was safe.† â€Å"But you were not – breathe! Breathe, Damon!† â€Å"It looked completely harmless – and admit it – we were all going – to open it last night – when we got too tired – !† â€Å"But to do it alone, to open a present from a kitsune†¦that was foolish, yes?† A choking Damon snapped, â€Å"Don’t lecture me. Help me. Why am I muffled in cotton wool? Why can’t I see? Or hear? Or smell – anything? I’m telling you I can’t smell a thing!† â€Å"You are fit and sharp as any human could be. You could probably defeat most vampires if you fought with one right now. But human senses are very few and very dull.† Words were swimming in Elena’s head†¦opening things not addressed to you†¦bouquet from a kitsune†¦human†¦ Oh, my God! Apparently, the same words were going through the mind of someone else, because suddenly a figure dashed in from the kitchen area. Stefan. â€Å"You stole my bouquet? From the kitsune?† â€Å"I was very careful – â€Å" â€Å"Do you realize what you’ve done?† Stefan shook Damon. â€Å"Ow. That hurts! Do you want to break my neck?† â€Å"That hurts? Damon, you’re in for a world of hurt! Do you understand? I talked to that kitsune. Told him the whole story of my life. Elena came to visit and he saw her practically†¦well, never mind – he saw her crying over me! Do†¦you†¦realize†¦what†¦you†¦have†¦ done?† It was as if Stefan had started climbing a series of steps, and that each one lifted him to a higher level of fury than the last. And here, at the top†¦ â€Å"I’ll KILL YOU!† Stefan shouted. â€Å"You took it – my humanity! He gave it to me – and you took it!† â€Å"You’ll kill me? I’ll kill you, you – you bastard! There was one flower in the middle. A black rose, bigger than I have ever seen. And it smelled†¦heavenly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It’s gone!† Matt reported, producing the bouquet. He displayed it. There was a gaping hole in the center of the mixed flower arrangement. Despite the hole, Stefan ran to it, and stuck his face into the bouquet, sucking in great heaving breaths of air. He kept coming up and snapping his fingers and each time lightning flared between his fingertips. â€Å"Sorry, bud,† Matt said. â€Å"I think it’s gone.† Elena could see it all now. That kitsune†¦he was one of the good ones, like the stories Meredith had told them about. Or at least good enough to sympathize with Stefan’s plight. And so, when he had gotten free, he had made up a bouquet – kitsune could do anything with plants, although surely this was a great feat, something like finding the secret of eternal youth†¦to turn vampires into humans. And after Stefan had endured and endured and endured and should have finally gotten his reward†¦right now†¦ â€Å"I’m going back,† Stefan shouted. â€Å"I’m going to find him!† Meredith said quietly, â€Å"With or without Elena?† Stefan stopped. He looked up at the stairway, and his eyes met Elena’s. Elena†¦ We’ll go together. â€Å"No,† Stefan shouted. â€Å"I would never put you through that. I’m not going after all. I’m just going to murder you!† He swung back on his brother. â€Å"Been there, done that. Besides, I’m the one that’s going to kill you, you bastard! You took my world away from me! I am a vampire! I’m not a† – some creative cursing – â€Å"human!† â€Å"Well you are now,† Matt said. He was just barely not laughing out loud. â€Å"So I’d say you’d better get used to it.† Damon leaped at Stefan. Stefan didn’t step aside. In an instant there was a ball of thrashing, kicking, and punching, and cursing in Italian that made it sound as if there were at least four vampires fighting five or six humans. Elena sat down helplessly. Damon†¦a human? How were they going to deal with this? Elena looked up to see that Bonnie had carefully made up a tray of all sorts of things that tasted good to humans, and that she’d undoubtedly done it for Damon before he had worked his way into hysteria. â€Å"Bonnie,† Elena said quietly, â€Å"don’t give it to him yet. He’ll just throw it at you. But perhaps later†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Later he won’t throw it?† Elena winced. â€Å"How is Damon going to deal with being human?† she asked herself aloud. Bonnie looked at the cursing, spitting ball of vampire/human fury. â€Å"I’d say†¦kicking and screaming the whole way.† Just then Mrs. Flowers came out of the kitchen. She had a huge mound of fluffy waffles stacked on several plates on a tray. She saw the rolling, swearing, snarling ball that was Stefan and Damon. â€Å"Oh, my,† she said. â€Å"Did something go wrong?† Elena looked at Bonnie. Bonnie looked at Meredith. Meredith looked at Elena. â€Å"You†¦could say so,† gasped Elena. And then the three of them gave way to it. Gales and gales of helpless laughter. You’ve lost a powerful ally, said a voice in Elena’s mind. Do you know that? Can you foresee the consequences? Today, when you have just come back from a world of Shinichis? We’ll win, Elena thought. We have to. How to cite The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 44, Essay examples

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Professional Practice In Information Tech - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Professional Practice In Information Tech. Answer: Introduction The Google codes of conduct is built in such a way that everything which they do with various kinds of work at google is generally measured against the given standard for the ethical conduct of various ongoing business in google (Denecke, 2015). Trust and respect among the various employees and users are reason behind the success of Google. Dell focus on honesty, integrity and highest value of ethical conduct. There are lot of reason behind the ethical conduct that Dell devote themselves in a creation of culture which is generally based on various kinds of ethical standards (Kosinski et al., 2015). Dell focus in creation of loyalty customers by giving or providing superior value of experience at a great experience. Apple focus on creation of standards at highest level for social and environmental responsibility. The suppliers of Apple are generally required to give safe condition for its employees. Employees of Facebook and other performing of workers collectively known as Facebook p ersonnel (Ahmed et al., 2013). Facebook personnel are expected to make use of their own judgment for acting in best kind of interest in Facebook during performing of their duties. In the coming pages of the report a survey has been done regarding the peoples view regarding the fact how ethical the major internet organization are. A brief summary has been provided regarding the Ethical codes of conduct policies. A report has been provided regarding any kind of unethical conduct by various organization. In the end a report has been provided the tax paid or given by major internet organization in Australia. Discussion Survey Names Review Rating Christian Reading Google is best search engine in the world. As per me they strictly follow their code of conduct 9 Joshua Humphries Google provides the best search result and they do not interfere with privacy of various organizations. 8 Aiden Degraves In comparison to other search engine Google provides the best search results. They strictly follow their codes of conduct. 8 Luca Chatfield Apples provides the best quality of products but they make use of child labor which hampers their code of conduct. 8 Hunter Airey Apple provides best quality of gadgets but they do not treat their employee fairly which is considered to be a negative part on the side of Apple and it also disobey the codes of conduct 10 Lucas Youl Dell is the best organization for providing best of quality of computer products in the industry. 9 Thomas Pizzey Facebook is the best online social web site which is known all over the world. It is strictly follows its codes of conduct and in some cases it disobey the laws. 8 George Cheney Facebook is the most popular website in the domain of social networking. In some cases it 9 Brock Chubb Dell claims to provide best quality of products to clients. They tend to follow their codes of conduct for their employees. 10 Michael Winchcombe Apples provides the best quality of products but on the contrary they tend to use child labor and long shift hour of workers which hamper their code of conduct of the employees 9 Ethical policy for each company The Google code of conduct focus on the fact that it does not put evil into practices. This particular organization has some principles for higher standard which generally helps in hiring of large of people, building better products for future and attracting some of the loyal user (Tello, 2013). This organization has some principle for trust among the employees and foundation for the success. Google expect that all the employees and broad members to know and follow the codes of this organization. Soul of Dell focus on the type of organization it inspires to become which generally serves as a guide for various action around the world. This organization focus on attracting loyal customers by giving superior experience at a high value (Singh, Iglesias and Batista-Foguet, 2012). Dell is committed to provide direction of relationship, best quality of products and services with a superior experience of various customers. Dell believes that the success of the organization comes from the teamwork which can be achieved by creating a platform where team members can easily learn and develop themselves. Apple is forced to provide highest value of standard for various kinds of social and ethical conduct for various kind of responsibility. Apple requires its suppliers to work in accordance with the various principles of Apple suppliers code of conduct. This code focus on laws which draws the attention of the owners for advancing on the field of social and responsibility related to environmental (Kim and Douai, 2012). When the differences generally arise between standard and legal kinds of requirement the standard of stricter the generally applied which generally works according to the law. This codes mainly focus on the supplier conduct which generally works as per the rights labor and various kinds of law. Employee of Facebook and other kinds of people performing the work is generally known as Facebook Personnel which are generally expected to act lawfully, honestly, ethically and is working in the best order to perform a large number of duties on the behalf of this organization that is Facebook (Paris et al., 2013). This codes generally provides certain number of codes which can be utilized. People who wants to analyze out the fact that whether their code matches with the code can easily have an interaction with the various professional working in this organization. Among all of policies of code of conduct the policy of code of conduct of Facebook is considered to be the greatest one. Apple code of policies is the easiest one read from all the code of conduct of organization. Google has the strongest code of policies among the code of policies of the major internet organization like Apple, Google, Facebook and Dell. Description of unethical conduction by various organization Google Copyright violation: Various kinds of attempts has been made regarding the including of copyright materials in the various projects of google book without any kind of approval from various holders of IP which may been documented. Violation of electronic privacy: Google street is designed in such a way that they are generally equipped with various kinds of Wi-Fi sniffer which generally collects information about the locally available networks of Wi-Fi which is generally used for location service of google. In very few cases it is seen that these sniffers can capture weak encrypted signals on the traffic which may contain various kinds of confidential information like credential of login and financial information (Alphabet Investor Relations. 2018). As a result, Google was fined around twenty-five thousand dollars for interfering with investigation of FCC. But in the end google decided that Google has done nothing in the capturing of various kinds of data. Dell Dell is considered to be most ethical organization among the major internet organization. But still it has some few cases of unethical conduct like after the payment over the reregistration date Dell forced one of its customer to pay full price in spite of providing customer discount (McMullen and Apple, 2012). Dell promised to provide free service to this customer for next five years they do not provide any kind of service for at the last phase of five years. Apple Apple depends on child slave labor for the manufacturing of their various kinds of products. In many cases it is seen they forces labors to work in dangerous condition. Apple makes use of unsavory labor practice for building of iPhones, iPads, Mac and other kinds of devices. Working time of Apple is excessive which generally comes without a single day off during the whole week and employees of this organization have to stand so long that their leg will swell and they can hardly walk after the shift of 24 hours (Apple, 2018). Around 140 employees of Apple were injured due to the fact they make use of poisonous chemical which is used for cleaning the screen of iPhone. Facebook In the year of 2012, Facebook conducted a survey on nearly seventy thousand users and the apology was made by Sheryl Sandberg who is considered to be the second most powerful executive of Facebook (Slade and Prinsloo, 2013). The ultimate notion of this organization is whether positive or negative word in various message of user can affect the positive or negative content of in the various kinds of status update. In some cases, it is seen that this report does not matches with the code of conduct policies of organization and so the organization must look into this fact and should take necessary step and in some cases it is it matches with codes of policies of various kinds of organization. Tax paid in Australia by this organization Google and Facebook pays around 16.6 million dollars and 3.3 million dollars as income tax to the government of Australia. Apple pays around 128.2 million dollars as tax to the government of Australia (Clarke, and Boersma, 2017). Previously this major internet organization used to pay tax which was based on the profit which was earned on the business which is done in Australia but now as per the rules of Australian government they are shifting the earned income. Summary From the above discussion it can be easily that the major internet organization like Apple, Facebook, Google and Dell has code of policies which they claim to follow to a large extent. In some cases, it is seen that they breach their codes of policies and there are must some improvisation in the weak section of those organization. In some cases, it is seen that some of the organization are better in following codes of policies than the other organization. It is highly recommended to Apple to stop the usage of child labor for the practice for the manufacturing of different kinds of products. After researching or analyzing the code of conduct in various organization it is seen that the codes of conduct policies of Google are best and they follow it to a large extent which has made them giant in the field of major internet organizations. In the above pages of the report the survey of ten people regarding codes and conduct of four major internet organization has been provided. Various co des and policies of each of the four organization has been provided. References Ahmed, O.H., Sullivan, S.J., Schneiders, A.G., Anderson, L., Paton, C. and McCrory, P.R., 2013. Ethical considerations in using Facebook for health care support: a case study using concussion management. Alphabet Investor Relations. (2018). Alphabet Investor Relations. [online] Available at: https://abc.xyz/investor/other/google-code-of-conduct.html [Accessed 5 Jan. 2018]. Apple.com. (2018). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/anzsea/supplier-responsibility/pdfs/supplier_code_of_conduct.pdf [Accessed 5 Jan. 2018]. Clarke, T. and Boersma, M., 2017. The governance of global value chains: Unresolved human rights, environmental and ethical dilemmas in the apple supply chain.Journal of Business Ethics,143(1), pp.111-131. Denecke, K., Bamidis, P., Bond, C., Gabarron, E., Househ, M., Lau, A.Y.S., Mayer, M.A., Merolli, M. and Hansen, M., 2015. Ethical issues of social media usage in healthcare.Yearbook of medical informatics,10(1), p.137. Kim, S.W. and Douai, A., 2012. Google vs. Chinas Great Firewall: Ethical implications for free speech and sovereignty.Technology in Society,34(2), pp.174-181. Kosinski, M., Matz, S.C., Gosling, S.D., Popov, V. and Stillwell, D., 2015. Facebook as a research tool for the social sciences: Opportunities, challenges, ethical considerations, and practical guidelines.American Psychologist,70(6), p.543. McMullen, M.B. and Apple, P., 2012. Babies (and Their Families) on Board! Directors Juggle the Key Elements of Infant/Toddler Care and Education.YC Young Children,67(4), p.42. Paris, C., Colineau, N., Nepal, S., Bista, S.K. and Beschorner, G., 2013. Ethical considerations in an online community: the balancing act.Ethics and information technology,15(4), pp.301-316. References Singh, J.J., Iglesias, O. and Batista-Foguet, J.M., 2012. Does having an ethical brand matter? The influence of consumer perceived ethicality on trust, affect and loyalty.Journal of Business Ethics,111(4), pp.541-549. Slade, S. and Prinsloo, P., 2013. Learning analytics: Ethical issues and dilemmas.American Behavioral Scientist,57(10), pp.1510-1529. Tello, L., 2013. Intimacy and Extimacy in Social Networks. Ethical Boundaries of Facebook.Comunicar,21(41)